Accept-Encoding
The Accept-Encoding
request HTTP header indicates the content encoding (usually a compression algorithm) that the client can understand. The server uses content negotiation to select one of the proposals and informs the client of that choice with the Content-Encoding
response header.
Even if both the client and the server support the same compression algorithms, the server may choose not to compress the body of a response if the identity
value is also acceptable. Two common cases lead to this:
- The data to be sent is already compressed, therefore a second compression will not reduce the transmitted data size. This is true for pre-compressed image formats (JPEG, for instance);
- The server is overloaded and cannot allocate computing resources to perform the compression. For example, Microsoft recommends not to compress if a server uses more than 80% of its computational power.
As long as the identity;q=0
or *;q=0
directives do not explicitly forbid the identity
value that means no encoding, the server must never return a 406
Not Acceptable
error.
Note:
- An IANA registry maintains a list of official content encodings.
- The
bzip
andbzip2
encodings are non-standard, but may be used in some cases, including legacy support.
Header type | Request header |
---|---|
Forbidden header name | yes |
Syntax
Accept-Encoding: gzip
Accept-Encoding: compress
Accept-Encoding: deflate
Accept-Encoding: br
Accept-Encoding: zstd
Accept-Encoding: identity
Accept-Encoding: *
// Multiple algorithms, weighted with the quality value syntax:
Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip;q=1.0, *;q=0.5
Directives
gzip
-
A compression format that uses the Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77) with a 32-bit CRC.
compress
-
A compression format that uses the Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) algorithm.
deflate
-
A compression format that uses the zlib structure with the deflate compression algorithm.
br
-
A compression format that uses the Brotli algorithm.
zstd
-
A compression format that uses the Zstandard algorithm.
identity
-
Indicates the identity function (that is, without modification or compression). This value is always considered as acceptable, even if omitted.
*
-
Matches any content encoding not already listed in the header. This is the default value if the header is not present. This directive does not suggest that any algorithm is supported but indicates that no preference is expressed.
;q=
(qvalues weighting)-
Any value is placed in an order of preference expressed using a relative quality value called weight.
Examples
Accept-Encoding: gzip
Accept-Encoding: gzip, compress, br
Accept-Encoding: gzip, compress, br, zstd
Accept-Encoding: br;q=1.0, gzip;q=0.8, *;q=0.1
Specifications
Specification |
---|
HTTP Semantics # field.accept-encoding |
Browser compatibility
BCD tables only load in the browser
See also
- HTTP content negotiation
- A header with the result of the content negotiation:
Content-Encoding
- Other similar headers:
TE
,Accept
,Accept-Language
- Brotli compression
- GZip compression
- Zstandard compression