Symbol.hasInstance
Symbol.hasInstance 静态数据属性代表 众所周知的符号 Symbol.hasInstance。instanceof 运算符在其右侧操作数上查找此符号,以查找用于确定构造函数对象是否将对象识别为其实例的方法。
¥The Symbol.hasInstance static data property represents the well-known symbol Symbol.hasInstance. The instanceof operator looks up this symbol on its right-hand operand for the method used to determine if the constructor object recognizes an object as its instance.
Try it
值
描述
¥Description
instanceof 运算符使用以下算法来计算 object instanceof constructor 的返回值:
¥The instanceof operator uses the following algorithm to calculate the return value of object instanceof constructor:
- 如果
constructor有[Symbol.hasInstance]()方法,则以object作为第一个参数调用它并返回结果 强制为布尔值。如果constructor不是对象,或者constructor[Symbol.hasInstance]不是null、undefined或函数之一,则抛出TypeError。 - 否则,如果
constructor没有[Symbol.hasInstance]()方法(constructor[Symbol.hasInstance]是null或undefined),则使用与Function.prototype[Symbol.hasInstance]()相同的算法确定结果。如果constructor不是函数,则抛出TypeError。
因为默认情况下所有函数都继承自 Function.prototype,所以大多数时候,Function.prototype[Symbol.hasInstance]() 方法指定了当右侧是函数时 instanceof 的行为。
¥Because all functions inherit from Function.prototype by default, most of the time, the Function.prototype[Symbol.hasInstance]() method specifies the behavior of instanceof when the right-hand side is a function.
示例
自定义行为实例
¥Custom instanceof behavior
你可以像这样实现自定义 instanceof 行为,例如:
¥You could implement your custom instanceof behavior like this, for example:
class MyArray {
static [Symbol.hasInstance](instance) {
return Array.isArray(instance);
}
}
console.log([] instanceof MyArray); // true
function MyArray() {}
Object.defineProperty(MyArray, Symbol.hasInstance, {
value(instance) {
return Array.isArray(instance);
},
});
console.log([] instanceof MyArray); // true
检查对象的实例
¥Checking the instance of an object
就像使用 instanceof 关键字检查对象是否是类的实例一样,我们也可以使用 Symbol.hasInstance 进行此类检查。
¥Just in the same manner at which you can check if an object is an instance of a class using the instanceof keyword, we can also use Symbol.hasInstance for such checks.
class Animal {
constructor() {}
}
const cat = new Animal();
console.log(Animal[Symbol.hasInstance](cat)); // true
规范
| Specification |
|---|
| ECMAScript Language Specification # sec-symbol.hasinstance |
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