grid

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2020.

The grid CSS property is a shorthand property that sets all of the explicit and implicit grid properties in a single declaration.

Using grid you specify one axis using grid-template-rows or grid-template-columns, you then specify how content should auto-repeat in the other axis using the implicit grid properties: grid-auto-rows, grid-auto-columns, and grid-auto-flow.

Try it

Note: The sub-properties you don't specify are set to their initial value, as normal for shorthands. Also, the gutter properties are NOT reset by this shorthand.

Constituent properties

This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:

Syntax

css
/* <'grid-template'> values */
grid: none;
grid: "a" 100px "b" 1fr;
grid: [linename1] "a" 100px [linename2];
grid: "a" 200px "b" min-content;
grid: "a" minmax(100px, max-content) "b" 20%;
grid: 100px / 200px;
grid: minmax(400px, min-content) / repeat(auto-fill, 50px);

/* <'grid-template-rows'> /
   [ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-columns'>? values */
grid: 200px / auto-flow;
grid: 30% / auto-flow dense;
grid: repeat(3, [line1 line2 line3] 200px) / auto-flow 300px;
grid: [line1] minmax(20em, max-content) / auto-flow dense 40%;

/* [ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-rows'>? /
   <'grid-template-columns'> values */
grid: auto-flow / 200px;
grid: auto-flow dense / 30%;
grid: auto-flow 300px / repeat(3, [line1 line2 line3] 200px);
grid: auto-flow dense 40% / [line1] minmax(20em, max-content);

/* Global values */
grid: inherit;
grid: initial;
grid: revert;
grid: revert-layer;
grid: unset;

Values

<'grid-template'>

Defines the grid-template including grid-template-columns, grid-template-rows and grid-template-areas.

<'grid-template-rows'> / [ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-columns'>?

Sets up an auto-flow by setting the row tracks explicitly via the grid-template-rows property (and the grid-template-columns property to none) and specifying how to auto-repeat the column tracks via grid-auto-columns (and setting grid-auto-rows to auto). grid-auto-flow is also set to column accordingly, with dense if it's specified.

All other grid sub-properties are reset to their initial values.

[ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-rows'>? / <'grid-template-columns'>

Sets up an auto-flow by setting the column tracks explicitly via the grid-template-columns property (and the grid-template-rows property to none) and specifying how to auto-repeat the row tracks via grid-auto-rows (and setting grid-auto-columns to auto). grid-auto-flow is also set to row accordingly, with dense if it's specified.

All other grid sub-properties are reset to their initial values.

Formal definition

Initial valueas each of the properties of the shorthand:
Applies togrid containers
Inheritedno
Percentagesas each of the properties of the shorthand:
Computed valueas each of the properties of the shorthand:
  • grid-template-rows: as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths
  • grid-template-columns: as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths
  • grid-template-areas: as specified
  • grid-auto-rows: the percentage as specified or the absolute length
  • grid-auto-columns: the percentage as specified or the absolute length
  • grid-auto-flow: as specified
  • grid-column-gap: the percentage as specified or the absolute length
  • grid-row-gap: the percentage as specified or the absolute length
  • column-gap: as specified, with <length>s made absolute, and normal computing to zero except on multi-column elements
  • row-gap: as specified, with <length>s made absolute, and normal computing to zero except on multi-column elements
Animation typeas each of the properties of the shorthand:

Formal syntax

grid = 
  <'grid-template'>                                   |
  <'grid-template-rows'> / [ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-columns'>?  |
  [ auto-flow && dense? ] <'grid-auto-rows'>? / <'grid-template-columns'>  

<grid-template> = 
  none                                                |
  [ <'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'> ]  |
  [ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?  

<grid-template-rows> = 
  none                       |
  <track-list>               |
  <auto-track-list>          |
  subgrid <line-name-list>?  

<grid-auto-columns> = 
  <track-size>+  

<grid-auto-rows> = 
  <track-size>+  

<grid-template-columns> = 
  none                       |
  <track-list>               |
  <auto-track-list>          |
  subgrid <line-name-list>?  

<line-names> = 
  '[' <custom-ident>* ']'  

<track-size> = 
  <track-breadth>                                   |
  minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth> )  |
  fit-content( <length-percentage [0,∞]> )          

<explicit-track-list> = 
  [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>?  

<track-list> = 
  [ <line-names>? [ <track-size> | <track-repeat> ] ]+ <line-names>?  

<auto-track-list> = 
  [ <line-names>? [ <fixed-size> | <fixed-repeat> ] ]* <line-names>? <auto-repeat> [ <line-names>? [ <fixed-size> | <fixed-repeat> ] ]* <line-names>?  

<line-name-list> = 
  [ <line-names> | <name-repeat> ]+  

<track-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>  |
  <flex [0,∞]>               |
  min-content                |
  max-content                |
  auto                       

<inflexible-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>  |
  min-content                |
  max-content                |
  auto                       

<length-percentage> = 
  <length>      |
  <percentage>  

<track-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ <integer [1,∞]> ] , [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>? )  

<fixed-size> = 
  <fixed-breadth>                                   |
  minmax( <fixed-breadth> , <track-breadth> )       |
  minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <fixed-breadth> )  

<fixed-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ <integer [1,∞]> ] , [ <line-names>? <fixed-size> ]+ <line-names>? )  

<auto-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ auto-fill | auto-fit ] , [ <line-names>? <fixed-size> ]+ <line-names>? )  

<name-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ <integer [1,∞]> | auto-fill ] , <line-names>+ )  

<fixed-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>

Examples

Creating a grid layout

HTML

html
<div id="container">
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
</div>

CSS

css
#container {
  display: grid;
  grid: repeat(2, 60px) / auto-flow 80px;
}

#container > div {
  background-color: #8ca0ff;
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
}

Result

Specifications

Specification
CSS Grid Layout Module Level 2
# grid-shorthand

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also