grid-column

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2020.

The grid-column CSS shorthand property specifies a grid item's size and location within a grid column by contributing a line, a span, or nothing (automatic) to its grid placement, thereby specifying the inline-start and inline-end edge of its grid area.

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Constituent properties

This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:

Syntax

css
/* Keyword values */
grid-column: auto;
grid-column: auto / auto;

/* <custom-ident> values */
grid-column: somegridarea;
grid-column: somegridarea / someothergridarea;

/* <integer> + <custom-ident> values */
grid-column: somegridarea 4;
grid-column: 4 somegridarea / 6;

/* span + <integer> + <custom-ident> values */
grid-column: span 3;
grid-column: span somegridarea;
grid-column: 5 somegridarea span;
grid-column: span 3 / 6;
grid-column: span somegridarea / span someothergridarea;
grid-column: 5 somegridarea span / 2 span;

/* Global values */
grid-column: inherit;
grid-column: initial;
grid-column: revert;
grid-column: revert-layer;
grid-column: unset;

This property is specified as one or two <grid-line> values.

If two <grid-line> values are given, they are separated by /. The grid-column-start longhand is set to the value before the slash, and the grid-column-end longhand is set to the value after the slash.

Each <grid-line> value can be specified as:

  • either the auto keyword
  • or a <custom-ident> value
  • or an <integer> value
  • or both <custom-ident> and <integer>, separated by a space
  • or the keyword span together with either a <custom-ident> or an <integer> or both.

Values

auto

Is a keyword indicating that the property contributes nothing to the grid item's placement, indicating auto-placement, an automatic span, or a default span of 1.

<custom-ident>

If there is a named line with the name <custom-ident>-start/<custom-ident>-end, it contributes the first such line to the grid item's placement.

Note: Named grid areas automatically generate implicit named lines of this form, so specifying grid-column: foo; will choose the start/end edge of that named grid area (unless another line named foo-start/foo-end was explicitly specified before it).

Otherwise, this is treated as if the integer 1 had been specified along with the <custom-ident>.

<integer> && <custom-ident>?

Contributes the nth grid line to the grid item's placement. If a negative integer is given, it instead counts in reverse, starting from the end edge of the explicit grid.

If a name is given as a <custom-ident>, only lines with that name are counted. If not enough lines with that name exist, all implicit grid lines are assumed to have that name for the purpose of finding this position.

An <integer> value of 0 is invalid.

span && [ <integer> || <custom-ident> ]

Contributes a grid span to the grid item's placement such that the corresponding edge of the grid item's grid area is n lines from the opposite edge.

If a name is given as a <custom-ident>, only lines with that name are counted. If not enough lines with that name exist, all implicit grid lines on the side of the explicit grid corresponding to the search direction are assumed to have that name for the purpose of counting this span.

If the <integer> is omitted, it defaults to 1. Negative integers or 0 are invalid.

Formal definition

Initial valueas each of the properties of the shorthand:
Applies togrid items and absolutely-positioned boxes whose containing block is a grid container
Inheritedno
Computed valueas each of the properties of the shorthand:
Animation typediscrete

Formal syntax

grid-column = 
  <grid-line> [ / <grid-line> ]?  

<grid-line> = 
  auto                                                |
  <custom-ident>                                      |
  [ [ <integer [-∞,-1]> | <integer [1,∞]> ] && <custom-ident>? ]  |
  [ span && [ <integer [1,∞]> || <custom-ident> ] ]

Examples

Setting grid column size and location

HTML

html
<div id="grid">
  <div id="item1"></div>
  <div id="item2"></div>
  <div id="item3"></div>
</div>

CSS

css
#grid {
  display: grid;
  height: 100px;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr);
  grid-template-rows: 100px;
}

#item1 {
  background-color: lime;
}

#item2 {
  background-color: yellow;
  grid-column: 2 / 4;
}

#item3 {
  background-color: blue;
  grid-column: span 2 / 7;
}

Result

Specifications

Specification
CSS Grid Layout Module Level 2
# placement-shorthands

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also